Battery Charge Level Indicator (5volt) using Microcontroller

Battery Charge Level Viewer is a microcontroller based small project which shows charge level of battery using 5 LEDs . Generally battery becomes full at 5volts . Remember that an ADC channel of pic18f2550 can count from 0 to 1023 . Because it's ADC channel register is 10bits. As we like to  measure 5volt  . We will read the value of adc channel and will convert it to voltage . After converting into voltage we get a understandable value and we shows it through 5 green LEDs. It's the basic concept .

ADC(Analog to Digital Converter ) :

We need a basic knowledge about ADC . Let's  take a look at here :

ADCON1 Register

Basically ADC is like as voltage divider . According to voltage It produce output .

bit 5 : VCFG0: Voltage Reference Configuration bit (VREF- source)
1 = VREF- (AN2)
0 = VSS or 0 volt

bit 4 :VCFG0: Voltage Reference Configuration bit (VREF+ source)
1 = VREF+ (AN3)
0 = VDD or 5volt

We will set  VCFG0[bit 5]=0and VCFG0[bit4]=0 . So we will get highest value 5volt[1023] and lowest value 0volt[0].The ADCON1 is a 10 bit register that means  2 to the power 10  is it's highest counting capacity and result is 1024 . So this register can count from 0 to 1023 . When 0 volt , we get reading at RA0 pin  0 .When 5 volt , we get reading at RA0 pin 1023. It means 5volt equivalent to 1023 .

 If  1023 reading value    equal   to 5 volt.
So 1      reading value    equal   to  5/1023 volt
So 'read_val'  reading  value   equal  to (5/1023)*read_val volt

 Source Code :

void main() {
 int source=0;
 int read_val=0;
 int read=0;
   ADCON1=0x0E;                 // Configuring RA0 pin as input
   CMCON=7;
   TRISB=0x00;
  ADC_Init();                        // Initialize ADC
  PORTB.F0=0;
  PORTB.F1=0;
  PORTB.F2=0;
  PORTB.F3=0;
  PORTB.F4=0;

 while(1){
  source=ADC_Read(0);

  read_val=(source*5.50)/1023;
  read=read_val;
   if(read==1){
  PORTB.F0=0;
  PORTB.F1=0;
  PORTB.F2=0;
  PORTB.F3=0;
  PORTB.F4=1;
   }
    if(read==2){
  PORTB.F0=0;
  PORTB.F1=0;
  PORTB.F2=0;
  PORTB.F3=1;
  PORTB.F4=1;
   }
    if(read==3){
  PORTB.F0=0;
  PORTB.F1=0;
  PORTB.F2=1;
  PORTB.F3=1;
  PORTB.F4=1;
   }
    if(read==4){
  PORTB.F0=0;
  PORTB.F1=1;
  PORTB.F2=1;
  PORTB.F3=1;
  PORTB.F4=1;
   }
    if(read==5){
  PORTB.F0=1;
  PORTB.F1=1;
  PORTB.F2=1;
  PORTB.F3=1;
  PORTB.F4=1;
   }
 }
}

Circuit :

circuit

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